&quot;The Doctrine of Fascism&quot; (Italian: &quot;La dottrina del fascismo&quot;) is an essay attributed to Benito Mussolini. In truth, the first part of the essay, entitled &quot;Idee Fondamentali&quot; (Italian for &quot;Fundamental Ideas&quot;) was written by philosopher Giovanni Gentile, while only the second part (&quot;Dottrina politica e sociale&quot;) is the work of Mussolini himself.<br /><br /><b>Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini</b> (29 July 1883 &ndash; 28 April 1945) was an Italian politician and journalist who was the leader of the National Fascist Party. He ruled Italy as the prime minister from 1922 to 1943; he constitutionally led the country until 1925, when he dropped the pretense of democracy and established a dictatorship. Mussolini inspired several totalitarian rulers, such as Adolf Hitler.<br />&nbsp;