Jesus and his disciples spoke and wrote Aramaic. His re ported words and discourses, and the earliest accounts of his deeds, were written down and circulated in that language, as no one doubts. Documents of this sort were numerous (luke and they attest literary skill of a high order; thus notably the rather extensive source, Q, used by Matthew and Luke. In what way these primitive records were related to our Four Gospels, is a question which hitherto has nor received any satisfactory answer. It is purposed here to show that the Gospels of Matthew, Mark, and John were composed in Aramaic on the basis of popular documents widespread in Palestine, and that they were by others translated into Greek without intended change. Also, that Luke employed only Semitic sources, assembling them into an especially complete Gospel, which he himself translated.