ON november 17, 1961, the Council of Fellows of the American Anthropological Association meeting at Philadelphia, the cradle of American democracy, passed this resolution, thus once more providing scientific support for those fighters for equality and brotherhood for whom democracy is a moral issue. At this moment Of history when the Specter of racism is once more walking abroad, it is especially fortunate and appropriate to have reissued in a popular edition the definitive statement on race and culture by the man who more than anyone else was responsible for providing the conceptual framework and scientific underpinnings for the anthropological position on this important con temporary problem. Franz Boas wrote Anthropology and Modern Life as a declaration of faith after more than thirty years Of research in the field Of race and culture. An earlier publication on the same theme was translated into German (kultur and Rome, Leipzig, 1914) and was eventually honored by a prominent place in the Nazi auto-da-fé.