The present volume is an expansion of lectures delivered last fall before the Oriental Society of the Western Theo logical Seminary, Chicago, and is published in response to requests made by several members of that society. It was at first intended to issue it as an introduction to Side Lights on Biblical Chronology, but the material was too extensive, and would have made that volume too bulky. For this reason I decided to publish the more technical matter separately under the present title. This volume attempts to cover the ancient chronology of Palestine, Assyria, Babylonia, and Egypt, down to 1050 B. C. The period from this date to the Christian era will be treated in a subsequent book.