The Problem of Negro Education. E-book. Formato PDF George R. Stetson   -  Forgotten Books, 2017  - 

In Spite of all public and private effort, and all the appliances of education, the increase of illiterate voters in the South from 1870 to 1880 was and, adds President Hayes, In more than one third of the Union the ignorant voters are almost one third of the total number of voters.